“大-小”的對稱與不對稱研究.pdf

1、南京師范大學碩士學位論文“大小”的對稱與不對稱研究姓名：楊榮華申請學位級別：碩士專業(yè)：漢語言文字學指導教師：孫汝建20080504AbstractThisessayattemptstouse“MarkednessTheory”asaguide，researchingontheModemChinese“da’and“xiao“fromthreelevelsofsymmetricalandasymmetricalphenomenainlex

2、ical，phrasesandsyntax，tomakeadetaileddescriptionofasymmetricalsituationsandconcludethereasonofasymmetryTheessaysumsupthepreviousresearchresultson‘‘da’and‘‘xiao”，andgivesabriefintroductiontotheconditionofapplying“Markedne

3、ssTheory’totheresearchon”da”and”xiao”Inlexicallevel，theauthorsearchesinfinitelyfor410“da”(standsforanyChinesecharacterorwords，exceptforspecialnotes)and240“xiao”entriesasanalyticalobjects，anddividethembymeaningsinto11cate

4、gories，thencompareanddescribetheconditionsofsymmetricandasymmetricundereachmeaningInphraselevel，theauthormainlyanalyzessomeformats，suchas“da／xiaophysiologicalverb”，“da／xiaoconcreteactionverb”，“da／xiaopremisesnoun”，“da／xi

5、aoappellationnoun”，“da／xiaotimeLog’’andspecialformatslike‘‘daV1daV2”，“daVteV”，“numberda／xiaonoun”Insyntaxlevel，regardlessofQuestion1“B刮N十Adj“orQuestion2“Be1呵Adjo—1lot“，activeingredients“da“andnegativeelements“xiao“arebot

6、hmarkedandhavedefinitesemanticscopeHoweverinQuestions3“HowAdjb洲’’，thepositiveelements“da“isunmarked，andthenegativeelements“xiao“ismarkedFinallythisessaylooksintothecourseofasymmetryfrominternalandexternallanguageInintern

7、allanguage，‘‘da’’and‘‘xiao’’constitutesanantonymoussystem，“l(fā)ao’’and“xiao”alsoconstitutesanantonymoussystemWhen“xiao’’and“l(fā)ao’’aresymmetrical，‘xiao’’and“da’areasymmetrialInexternallanguage，people’Sexpressionandcommunicati