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1、EuropePushestoGetFuelFromFields2008.5ARDEAItaly—ThepreviousgrowingseasonthislushcoastalfieldnearRomewasfilledwithrowsofdelicatedurumwheatusedtomakehighqualitypasta.Todayitoverflowswithrapeseedatallgnarledweedlikeplantbur

2、stingwithcoarseyellowflowersthathasbecomeanewmannafEuropeanfarmers:rapeseedcanbeturnedintobiofuel.Motivatedbygeneroussubsidiestodevelopalternativeenergysources—ameasureofconcernaboutthefutureofthepla—Europe’sfarmersarebe

3、ginningtogrowcropsthatcanbeturnedintofuelsmeanttoproducefeweremissionsthangasoil.TheyarechasingtheircounterpartsintheAmericaswhohavebeenraisingcropsfbiofuelfmethanfiveyears.“Thisisamuchneededboosttooureconomyourfarms”sai

4、dMarcelloPini50afarmerstinginfrontoftherapeseedheplantedfthefirsttime.“Ofcoursewehopeithelpstheenvironmenttoo.”InMarchtheEuropeanCommissiondisappointedbytheslowgrowthofthebiofuelsindustryapprovedadirectivethatincludeda“b

5、indingtarget”requiringmembercountriestouse10percentbiofuelftransptby2020—themostambitiousspecificgoalinthewld.MostEuropeancountriesarefarfromachievingthetargetareintroducingincentivessubsidiestobolsterproduction.Asaresul

6、tbioenergycropshavereplacedfoodasthemostprofitablecropinseveralEuropeancountries.InthispartofItalyfexamplethegovernmentguaranteesthepurchaseofbiofuelcropsat22eurosf100kilograms$13.42f100pounds—nearlytwicethe11to12eurosf1

7、00kilogramsofwheatontheopenmarketin2006.Betterstillfarmerscanplantbiofuelcropson“setaside”fieldslthatEurope’sagriculturepolicywouldotherwiserequirebeleftfallow.ButanexpertpanelconvenedbytheUnitedNationsFoodAgriculturegan

8、izationpointedoutthatthebiofuelsboomproducesbenefitsaswellastradeoffsrisks—includinghigherwildlyfluctuatingfoodprices.Insomemarketsgrainpriceshavenearlydoubled.“Atatimewhenagriculturalpricesarelowincomesbiofuelimprovesth

9、elotoffarmersinjectslifeintoruralareas”saidGustavoBestanexpertattheFoodAgricultureganizationinRome.“Butasthescalegrowsthedemfbiofuelcropsseemstobeinfinitewe’reseeingsomenegativeeffectsweneedtoholdupayellowlight.”JosetteS

10、heeranthenewheadoftheUnitedNationsWldFoodprogramwhichfednearly90millionpeoplein2006saidthatbiofuelscreatednewproblems.“Anincreaseingrainpricesimpactsusbecauseweareamajprocurerofgrainffood”shesaid.“Sobiofuelsarebothachall

11、engeanopptunity.”Brazilacountrywithaperfectclimatefsugarcanevastamountsoflstartedwithsubsidiesyearsagotoencouragethefarmingofsugarcanefbiofuelspartlytotakeup“excesscapacity”initsflaggingagriculturalsect.Theautoindustryju

12、mpedintoo.In2003Brazilianautomakersstartedproducingflexfuelcarsthatcouldrunonbiofuelsincludinglocallyproducedethanol.Today70percentofnewcarsinthecountryareflexfuelmodelsBrazilisoneofthelargestgrowersofcanefethanol.Analys

13、tsareunsureiftheBrazilianachievementcanbereplicatedinEurope—anywhereelse.Sugartakesfarlessenergytoconverttobiofuelthanalmostanyproduct.Yetafteraseriesofalarmingreptsonclimatechangethepoliticalurgencytomovefasterisclearly

14、growing.WithanarmloadofincentivestheItaliangovernmenthopesthat70000hectares173000acresoflwillbeplantedwithbiofuelcropsin2007240000hectaresin2010upfromzeroin2006.Mr.Pinithefarmerhasconvertedabout25percentofhisl18hectaresi

15、ncludinghis“setaside”ltoEurope’sfastestgrowingbiofuelcroprapeseed.Hestillhas50hectaresingrain7inolives.Hehasdiscoveredotheradvantagesaswell.InItaly’sfinickyfoodculturefoodcropshavetolookgoodbehighqualitytosell—adroughtun

16、dueheatcanmeananoffyear.Cropsffuelincontrastcanbeuglystunted.“Youneedfewerseedsit’smucheasiertogrow”hesaid.2006.11Fallthenaturalmanmadedisastersofthepastyeartravelersseemmedeterminedthanevertoleavehome.Nevermindthetsunam

17、idevastationinAsialastDecembertherecentearthquakeinKashmirthesuicidebombingsthisyearinLondonBaliamongotherplacesonoffthetouristtrail.Thenumberofleisuretravelersvisitingtouristdestinationshitbytroublehasinsomecasesbounced

18、backtoalevelhigherthanbefedisasterstruck.“Thisnewfastrecoveryoftourismweareobservingiskindofstrange“saidJohnKoldowskidirectftheStrategicIntelligenceCenteroftheBangkokbasedPacificAsiaTravelAssociation.“Itmakesyouthinkabou

19、ttheadagethatanypublicityisgoodpublicity.“Itisstilltoosoontocompileyearonyearstatisticsfthedisastersofthepast12monthsbuttravelindustryexpertssaythatthebroadtrendsarealreadyclear.Leisuretravelisexpectedtoincreasebynearly5

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