《英國(guó)文學(xué)史及選讀》

1、1《英國(guó)文學(xué)史及選讀》第一冊(cè)復(fù)習(xí)要點(diǎn)1.Beowulf:nationalepicoftheEnglishpeopleDenmarkstyalliterationmetaphsunderstatements（此處可能會(huì)有填空，選擇等小題）2.Romance（名詞解釋）3.“SirGawaintheGreenKnight”:afamousromanaboutKingArthur’ssty4.Ballad（名詞解釋）5.acterofRobi

2、nHood6.GeoffreyChaucer:founderofEnglishpoetryTheCanterburyTales(maincontents124stiesplannedonly24finishedwrittenindleEnglishsignificancefm:heroiccouplet)7.Heroiccouplet(名詞解釋)8.Renaissance（名詞解釋）9.ThomasMe——Utopia10.Son（名詞

3、解釋）11.Blankverse（名詞解釋）12.EdmundSpenser“TheFaerieQueene”13.FrancisBacon“essays”esp.“OfStudies”（推薦閱讀，學(xué)習(xí)寫正式語(yǔ)體的英文文章的好參照，本文用詞正式優(yōu)雅，多排比句和長(zhǎng)句，語(yǔ)言造詣非常高，里面很多話都可以引用做格言警句，非常值得一讀）14.WilliamShakespeare四大悲劇比較重要，此外就是羅密歐與朱立葉了，這些劇的主題，背景，情節(jié)，

4、人物形象都要熟悉，當(dāng)然他最重要的是Hamlet這是肯定的。他的son也很重要，最重要屬son18。（其戲劇中著名對(duì)白和幾首有名的十四行詩(shī)可能會(huì)出選讀）15.JohnMilton三大史詩(shī)非常重要，特別是ParadiseLost和SamsonAgonistes。對(duì)于ParadiseLost需要知道它是blankverse寫成的，故事情節(jié)來(lái)自O(shè)ldTestament，另外要知道此書theme和Satan的形象。16.JohnBunyan——T

5、hePilgrim’sProgress17.FounderoftheMetaphysicalschool——JohnDonnefeaturesoftheschool:philosophicalpoemscomplexrhythmsstrangeimages.18.Enlightenment（名詞解釋）19.Neoclassicism（名詞解釋）20.RidSteele——“TheTatler”21.JosephAddison——“The

6、Spectat”這個(gè)比上面那個(gè)要重要，注意這個(gè)報(bào)紙和我們今天的報(bào)紙不一樣，它虛構(gòu)了一系列的人物，以這些人物的口氣來(lái)寫報(bào)紙上刊登的散文，這一部分要仔細(xì)讀。22.Steel’sAddison’sstylestheircontributions23.AlexerPope:“EssayonCriticism”“EssayonMan”“TheRapeofLock”“TheDunciad”hiswkmanship(features)limitati

7、ons24.JonathanSwift:“Gulliver’sTravels”此書非常重要，要知道具體內(nèi)容，就是Gulliver游歷過(guò)的四個(gè)地方的英文名稱，和每個(gè)部分具體的諷刺對(duì)象（我們主要講了三個(gè)地方）“AModestProposal”比較重要，要注意作者用的irony也就是反諷手法。25.Therisegrowthoftherealisticnovelisthemostprominentachievementof18thcentur

8、yEnglishliterature.26.DanielDefoe:“RobinsonCrusoe”“MollFlers”當(dāng)然是RobinsonCrusoe比較重要，劇情要清楚，RobinsonCrusoe的形象和故事中蘊(yùn)涵的早期黑奴的原形，以及殖民主義的萌芽。另外注意Defoe的style和feature，另外Defoe是ferunnerofEnglishrealisticnovel。27.SamuelRidson——“Pamela”

9、(firstepistolarynovel)“ClarissaHarlowe”“SirlesGrison”28.HenryFielding:“Josephrews”“JonathanWild”“TomJones”第一個(gè)和第三個(gè)比較重要，需要仔細(xì)看。他是一個(gè)比較重要的作家，另外Fielding也被稱為fatheroftheEnglishnovel.29.LaurenceSterne——“TristramShy”項(xiàng)狄傳30.RidSheri

10、dan——“TheSchoolfScal”31.OliverGoldsmith——“TheTraveller”(poem)“TheDesertedVillage”(poem)(bothtwopoemswerewrittenbyheroiccouplet)“TheVicarofWakefield”(novel)“TheGoodNaturedMan”(comedy)“ShestoopstoConquer”(comedy)“TheCitize

11、noftheWld”(collectionofessays)32.Sentimentalism（名詞解釋）33.ThomasGray——“ElegyWritteninaCountryChurchyard”（英國(guó)詩(shī)歌里非常著名的一首，曾經(jīng)被譽(yù)為“有史以來(lái)英國(guó)詩(shī)歌里最好的一首”）(arepresentativeofsentimentalismgraveyardschoolofpoets墓園派詩(shī)人)GraveyardSchoolPoets”:

12、Atermappliedtoeighteenthcenturypoetswhowrotemeditativepoemsusuallysetinagraveyardonthethemeofhumanmtalityinmoodswhichrangefromelegiacpensivenesstoprofoundgloom.ThevogueresultedinoneofthemostwidelyknownEnglishpoemsThomasG

13、ray’s“Elegywritteninacountrychurchyard”.ThewritingofgraveyardpoemsspreadfromEngltoContinentalliteratureinthesecondpartofthecenturyalsoinfluencedsomeAmericanpoets.34.Inthelatterhalfofthe18thcenturyPreRomanticismrepresenta

14、tive:WilliamBlakeRobertBurns.35.ThomasPercy——“ReliquesofAncientEnglishpoetry”許多中古的民謠都是在這個(gè)時(shí)期重新收集和整理起來(lái)的，這個(gè)集子是那個(gè)時(shí)代比較有名的一個(gè)民謠集。36.WilliamBlake比較重要，需要對(duì)主要作品有所了解，特別是SongsofInnocence和SongsofExperience這兩本集子的contrast一定要注意，另外Blake的寫

15、作特點(diǎn)也要注意，比如語(yǔ)言的簡(jiǎn)單明了，神秘主義氛圍等。37.RobertBurns偉大的蘇格蘭民族詩(shī)人ARedRedRoseScotsWhaHaeAuldLangSyne等名詩(shī)，寫作特點(diǎn):ScottishdialectapoetofpeasantScottishpeopleplainlanguageinfluencefromScottishfolksongsballadsmusicalqualityofhispoems.《英國(guó)文學(xué)史及選讀

16、》第二冊(cè)練習(xí)題I.浪漫主義時(shí)期I.Eachofthestatementsbelowisfollowedbyfouralternativeanswers.Choosetheonethatwouldbestcompletethestatementputtheletterinthebrackets.1.EnglishRomanticismisgenerallysaidtohavebegunwith_____in1798.A.thepublic

17、ationofLyricalBallads3thenmyheartwithpleasurefillsdanceswiththedaffodils.Keys:I.1.A2.B3.D4.B5.C6.C7.B8.D9.A10.AII.1.individual2.humanlife3.nature4.humanlife5.thedemonic6.Byronichero7.OdetotheWestWind8.Theodes9.OdeonaGrec

18、ianUrn10.PridePrejudiceIII.1.T2.T3.F4.F5.FIV.1.Coleridge2.Blake3.Keats4.Shelley5.WdswthV.1.Romanticismisamovementthatflourishedinliteraturephilosophymusicartinwesterncultureduringmostofthenieenthcenturybeginningasarevolt

19、againstclassicism.TherehavebeenmanyvarietiesofRomanticisminmanydifferenttimesplaces.TheleadingfeaturesofRomanticmovementsareWdswthShelleyetc.2.Odeisacomplexoftenlengthylyricpoemwritteninadignifiedfmalstyleonsomeloftyseri

20、oussubject.Odesareoftenwrittenfaspecialoccasiontohonourapersonaseasontocommemateanevent.VI.1.ItistakenfromShelley’sOdetotheWestWind.InthispoemShelleyeulogizesthepowerfulwestwindexpresseshiseagernesstoenjoytheboundlessfre

21、edomfromthereality.Intheselastlinesthepoetshowshisoptimisticspiritfthefuture.2.ItistakenfromWdswth’s“IWeredLonelyasaCloud.”Thepoetthinksthatitisablisstorecollectthebeautyofnatureinhismindwhileheisinsolitude.Heexpresseshi

22、sstrongaffectingfnatureinthepoem.II.維多利亞時(shí)期I.Eachofthestatementbelowisfollowedbyfouralternativeanswers.Choosetheonethatwouldbestcompletethestatementputtheletterinthebrackets1.TheVictianperiodroughlybeganattheenthronemento

23、fQueenVictiain_____.A.1835B.1836C.1837D.18382.ThecriticalrealistslikelesDickensintheVictianperiodwrotenovels_____.A.representingthe18thcenturyrealistnovelB.criticizingthesocietyC.defendingthemassE.alltheabove3._____isnot

24、aVictianovelist.A.lesDickensB.GegeEliotC.WilliamMakepeaceThackerayD.D.H.Lawrence4._____isnotawkbylesDickens.A.OliverTwistB.DavidCopperfieldC.dlemarchD.ATaleofTwoCities5.WutheringHeightsisamasterpiecewrittenby_____.A.lott

25、eBronteB.EmilyBronteC.AnneBronteD.BranwellBronte6._____isnotThomasHardy’swk.A.TheMillontheFlossB.TessoftheD’UrbervillesC.JudetheObscureD.TheMayofCasterbridge7.“MyLastDuchess”is_____.A.adramaticmonologueB.ashtlyricC.anove

26、lD.anessay8.Tennyson’s“Ulysses”getsitsinspirationfromthefollowingwkswritersexcept_____.A.Homer’sOdesseyB.Joyce’sUlyssesC.DanteD.GreekMythology9.Inthe19thcenturyEnglishliteratureanewliterarytrend_____appeared.itflourished

27、inthe1840sintheearly1950s.A.romanticismB.naturalismC.realismD.criticalrealism10.ThetitleofthenovelVanityFairwastakenfrom_____.A.ThePilgrim’sProgressB.ChildeHarold’sPilgrimageC.Gulliver’sTravelsD.TheCanterburyTalesII.Comp

28、leteeachofthefollowingstatementswithaproperwdaphraseaccdingtothetextbook1.TheaestheticistssuchasOscarWildeintheVictianperiodadvocatedthetheyof“_____.”2.IntheVictianperiod_____becamethemostwidelyreadthemostvitalchallengin

29、gexpressionofprogressivethought.3.lesDickensisoneofthegreatest_____writersoftheVictianAge.4.Tennyson’spoem“_____”isinmemyofhisbosomfriendArthurHallam.5.RobertBrowningisfamousfhis_____.6.GegeEliot’s_____isoneofthemostmatu