[學(xué)習(xí)]發(fā)展低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)的財(cái)政政策

1、發(fā)展低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)的財(cái)政政策：經(jīng)驗(yàn)分享Fiscal Policy to Develop Low-carbon Economy: Experience Sharing,,http://www.docin.com/sundae_meng,什么是低碳經(jīng)濟(jì) What is Low-carbon Economy？,低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)就是在可持續(xù)發(fā)展理念指導(dǎo)下低能耗、低污染的經(jīng)濟(jì)形態(tài)。 Low-carbon Economy refers to sus

2、tainable economic development with low energy consumption and environmental pollution.發(fā)展低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)是轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式、促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的重要內(nèi)容，是應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化、保護(hù)地球家園的有效措施，也是公共財(cái)政重點(diǎn)支持的方向。 To encourage low-carbon economy is an important part of the tr

3、ansformation of economic development mode and sustainable economic and social development. It is not only an effective means to deal with the impacts of climate change for environmental protection, but also an key area t

4、hat public finance should support.,一、支持低碳環(huán)保產(chǎn)品推廣 Encourage Low-carbon and Pollution-free Products,基本思路：運(yùn)用財(cái)政補(bǔ)貼手段啟動(dòng)消費(fèi)市場(chǎng)，實(shí)現(xiàn)規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)，使低碳環(huán)保產(chǎn)品價(jià)格大幅度降低，市場(chǎng)銷(xiāo)售份額不斷上升，逐漸成為市場(chǎng)消費(fèi)的主流產(chǎn)品。Basic

5、idea: to encourage consumption market by means of fiscal subsidies and realize economies of scale, so as to minimize the price of low-carbon products, increase its market share and become the dominant products on the mar

6、ket. 實(shí)施節(jié)能產(chǎn)品惠民工程，初步建立了以高效照明產(chǎn)品、節(jié)能空調(diào)、節(jié)能汽車(chē)和高效電機(jī)等四大類節(jié)能產(chǎn)品推廣體系。To promote energy efficient products among consumers. Systemic measures have been adopted to promote four categories of energy efficient products , including ener

7、gy efficient lighting products, energy efficient air-conditioner, energy efficient vehicles and energy efficient electric generator.,四大節(jié)能產(chǎn)品推廣體系 Measures Promoting Four Categ

8、ories of Energy Efficient Products,高效照明產(chǎn)品推廣?！笆晃濉逼陂g將共推廣3.32億只，實(shí)現(xiàn)節(jié)能能力125億千瓦時(shí)，產(chǎn)品壽命期內(nèi)可節(jié)電627億千瓦時(shí)，節(jié)約電費(fèi)129億元，減排二氧化碳6270萬(wàn)噸，可拉動(dòng)內(nèi)需41億元。 Energy efficient lighting products promotion. During 2006-2010, 332 million energy efficient

9、 light bulbs will be adopted, energy consumption will be cut by 12.5 billion kilo watts, electricity fee will be cut by about $2 billion, carbon dioxide emission will be cut by 62.7 million tons and will encourage domes

10、tic need of about $620 million. 截至目前共推廣一、二級(jí)高效節(jié)能空調(diào)約2000萬(wàn)臺(tái)，使其市場(chǎng)占有率從推廣前的5%上升到80%以上，直接拉動(dòng)社會(huì)消費(fèi)500多億元，每年可節(jié)電40億千瓦時(shí)，減排二氧化碳500萬(wàn)噸 。Up to now, about 20 million class Ⅰ and class Ⅱ energy efficient air-conditioners have been put to

11、 the market and its market share has increased from 5% to over 80%, which encouraged domestic consumption of about $7.6 billion. In this regard, 4 billion kilo watts will be saved and 5 million tons of carbon dioxide emi

12、ssion will be cut annually.,四大節(jié)能產(chǎn)品推廣體系(續(xù)) Measures Promoting Four Categories of Energy Efficient Products (cont' ),全面推廣1.6升及以下節(jié)能汽車(chē)。中央財(cái)政已下達(dá)資金11.8億元，支持推廣近40萬(wàn)

13、輛節(jié)能汽車(chē)。節(jié)能汽車(chē)市場(chǎng)占有率大幅提高，今年9月份節(jié)能汽車(chē)銷(xiāo)量占1.6升及以下乘用車(chē)銷(xiāo)量的21%，比推廣前提高了14個(gè)百分點(diǎn)。 Measures promoting vehicles with 1.6 liter engine capacity and smaller. $178 million has been appropriated from central finance

14、 to promote nearly 400000 energy efficient vehicles. The sales of energy efficient vehicles in September this year accounted for 21% of all passenger vehicles of 1.6 liter engine capacity and smaller, 14% higher than pro

15、motion measures were adopted. 已印發(fā)《節(jié)能產(chǎn)品惠民工程高效電機(jī)推廣實(shí)施細(xì)則》，根據(jù)產(chǎn)品類型和額定功率對(duì)高效電機(jī)給予補(bǔ)貼。Detailed Rules to Promote Energy Efficient Electric Generator has bee issued. Consumers will be subsidized in accordance with the generator’s

16、types and rated power.,二、支持低碳技術(shù)研發(fā)、推廣和應(yīng)用 Support to Low-carbon Technology Research, Promotion and Use.,鼓勵(lì)企業(yè)實(shí)施節(jié)能技術(shù)改造 Encouraging energy saving technology improvement in enterprises 2007

17、年～2010年，共支持3000多個(gè)節(jié)能量在1萬(wàn)噸以上的節(jié)能技術(shù)改造項(xiàng)目，拉動(dòng)企業(yè)和社會(huì)投資1500多億元，預(yù)計(jì)可實(shí)現(xiàn)節(jié)能量9000多萬(wàn)噸標(biāo)準(zhǔn)煤。During 2007-2010, more than 3000 energy saving technology programs were supported by central finance. Each program could reduce carbon dioxide emiss

18、ion of over 10,000 tons. The programs stimulated investment of $22.7 billion. It is expected that 90million tons of standard coal could be saved.,推行合同能源管理 Encouraging energy performance c

19、ontracting 支持節(jié)能服務(wù)公司采用合同能源管理方式實(shí)施的工業(yè)、建筑、交通等領(lǐng)域以及公共機(jī)構(gòu)節(jié)能改造項(xiàng)目。To encourage energy performance contracting among energy services company to conduct energy saving programs. 支持淘汰落后產(chǎn)能 Eliminating outdated industrial capacity 十一

20、五期間淘汰小火電7000多萬(wàn)千瓦、焦炭1.1億噸、水泥3.5億噸，促進(jìn)了“十一五”淘汰落后產(chǎn)能任務(wù)提早超額完成。During 2006-2010, many small and outdated thermal power plants, coke plants and cement plants were eliminated. 70 million kilo watts energy, 110 million tons of cok

21、e and 250 million tons of cement were saved.,二、支持低碳技術(shù)研發(fā)、推廣和應(yīng)用 (續(xù)) Support to Low-carbon Technology Research, Promotion and Use. (cont’),三、新能源汽車(chē)推廣應(yīng)用Popularizing New Energy Vehicles,基本思路：建立“財(cái)政-科技聯(lián)動(dòng)新機(jī)制”，采取補(bǔ)貼消費(fèi)者方式，支持試點(diǎn)城市推廣

22、使用新能源汽車(chē)，有效引導(dǎo)企業(yè)生產(chǎn)、研發(fā)并加強(qiáng)各類資源整合，推動(dòng)我國(guó)新能源汽車(chē)釋放需求潛能、加速產(chǎn)品更新、加快產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展。 Basic idea: Establish "New interaction mechanism between finance and technology ", subsidize consumers and promote new energy vehicles tentativel

23、y in some cities. Encourage production and research of new energy vehicles, enlarge its market share.,支持北京等25個(gè)城市，在公共服務(wù)領(lǐng)域率先推廣使用新能源汽車(chē)，已示范推廣1.5萬(wàn)多輛，可實(shí)現(xiàn)年節(jié)省燃油900萬(wàn)升，減少二氧化碳排放3萬(wàn)多噸。 Support 25 cities including Beijing to popu

24、larize the use of new energy vehicles for public service. More than 15 thousand new energy vehicles have been adopted. In this regard, 9 million liters fuel will be saved and 30 thousand tons of carbon emission will be r

25、educed annually. 在北京等6個(gè)城市啟動(dòng)私人購(gòu)買(mǎi)新能源汽車(chē)補(bǔ)貼試點(diǎn)，計(jì)劃年底之前推廣上千輛新能源汽車(chē)。 A pilot program, subsidizing personal consumers of new energy vehicles, will be kicked off in six cities including Beijing and over a thousand new energy

26、vehicles will be put on the market before the end of this year.,三、新能源汽車(chē)推廣應(yīng)用(續(xù))Popularizing New Energy Vehicles (cont’),四、支持可再生能源產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展 Support to Renewable Energy Industry Development,電價(jià)附

27、加Additional electricity price設(shè)立可再生能源電價(jià)附加，征收標(biāo)準(zhǔn)為每千瓦時(shí)4厘錢(qián)，所征收資金用來(lái)分?jǐn)偪稍偕茉措妰r(jià)超過(guò)常規(guī)能源發(fā)電平均上網(wǎng)電價(jià)的差額部分。Establish the additional electricity price on renewable energy. The collection fee standard is 0.04 Chinese yuan per KWH. The col

28、lected fee will offset the balance between renewable energy price and the average price of electricity generated by conventional energy resources. 設(shè)立可再生能源發(fā)展專項(xiàng)資金 Special funds for renewab

29、le energy development設(shè)立可再生能源發(fā)展專項(xiàng)資金，支持風(fēng)能、太陽(yáng)能、生物質(zhì)能等新能源開(kāi)發(fā)利用。Establish special funds for renewable energy development to support the development and utilization of new energy resources such as wind, solar and biological en